Fallout 4: 12 Things to Help You Get Started

Research Perks & Attributes Right Now

If you don't do this before you start playing, you'll want to do it before you leave Vault 111 for the first time. 

Finding the right perks and attributes for your play style (and in general) is going to be absolutely essential. And there are a ton of options that can be upgraded several times over. You'll want to get familiar with them as early on as possible so that you have some idea where you'll be taking your character over the course of the game. 

There are a few places to do this. You can buy a Fallout 4 guide. I really like the Vault Dweller's Guide. Or you can find somewhere free on the internet.

The Fallout 4 Wiki is a great place to get started and so is the Wikia. Both will give you a great feel for the traits and you'll slowly start to figure out where to put your points.